The contraction of Io's orbit

Physics

Scientific paper

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17

Io, Long Term Effects, Orbit Calculation, Planetary Orbits, Acceleration (Physics), Eclipses, Ephemeris Time, Kepler Laws, Tides

Scientific paper

The authors reanalyze the Picard-Roemer eclipse observations of Io from 1668 to 1678, using a new method of calculating ephemeris time corrections that is independent of lunar theory. They then compare the old orbital longitude and mean motion to the values deduced from two modern theories based upon eclipse observations made in the twentieth century. Over a time base approaching 250 yr the authors find consistent results with both modern theories and with both types of comparisons (longitude and mean motion). Io's orbital period is decreasing: P/P = -4.6×10-10yr-1 (±20%). The corresponding decrease in the semimajor axis of Io's Keplerian orbit is 13 cm yr-1. Tidal heating of Io removes energy from Io's orbit and causes the orbital acceleration.

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