Atmospheric kinematics of high velocity long period variables

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Kinematics, Radial Velocity, Shock Waves, Stellar Atmospheres, Variable Stars, Velocity Distribution, Absorption Spectra, Line Spectra, Opacity, Rayleigh Scattering, Spectrum Analysis, Stellar Models

Scientific paper

Radial velocities of atomic absorption lines of three long-period variables, RT Cyg, Z Oph, and S Car, have been analyzed in order to understand velocity gradients and discontinuities in their atmosphere. The data were analyzed to yield the velocity discontinuity across shock waves and velocity gradients between shock waves. Near maximum light the radial velocities cannot be understood by the presence of one shock only but rather require two shocks; the lower shock becomes apparent at the longer wavelengths. The ability to see more deeply into the atmospheres of long-period variables at long wavelengths indicates that the opacity decreases rapidly with wavelength. This is probably due to the importance of Rayleigh scattering as an opacity source. Consistent parameters are obtained if these stars are fundamental mode pulsators with total masses in the range of 0.5-1.0 solar mass and effective radii in the range of (0.85-1.5) x 10 to the 13th cm.

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