Ionospheric ions in the near earth geomagnetic tail plasma lobes

Physics

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Electric Fields, Geomagnetic Tail, Ionospheric Ion Density, Magnetic Disturbances, Magnetic Field Configurations, Solar Wind, Energy Spectra, International Sun Earth Explorers, Magnetopause, Particle Interactions, Plasma Drift

Scientific paper

The ISEE satellite pair explored the northern lobe region during the spring months of 1978. The obtained data provide the basis for a discussion of the properties of the ionospheric ions. It is found that ion streams roughly along magnetic field lines are very abundant especially at times of high geomagnetic disturbances in the tail lobes. These streams consist mainly of O(+) and of a minor H(+) component at lower energies. The reported study is based on periods when both O(+) and H(+) were present in the lobes, with high geomagnetic disturbance and for extended time periods. The relative abundances of O(+) (approximately 90%) suggest that most of this plasma originates in the ionosphere. However, occasional observations of He(++) suggest that solar wind plasma can also reach these regions. It is concluded that the ion streams in the lobes originate mainly in the ionosphere, whereas solar wind ions flow, in general, closer to the magnetopause on higher latitude field lines and on the tail flanks.

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