Relationship between four-cell and distorted two-cell convection patterns during northward IMF

Physics

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Convection Cells, Earth Magnetosphere, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Solar Wind, Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Current Distribution, Ionospheric Propagation, Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling

Scientific paper

Four-cell convection pattern in the ionosphere during a northward IMF was widely accepted until it was challenged by the distorted two-cell convection pattern proposed by Heppner and Maynard (1987). It is proposed here that a four-cell convection pattern, imposed on the magnetosphere by the solar wind, can be distorted into a wrapped two-cell pattern by the nonuniform and anisotropic conductance in the ionosphere. This is demonstrated by extending the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling model of Kan et al., (1988) to the northward IMF condition. The resulting wrapped two-cell patterns for positive and negative IMF By are similar to the empirical two-cell patterns obtained by Heppner and Maynard (1987). The distributions of the resulting field-aligned currents are also characteristically consistent with the observed current distributions, including the NBZ currents, during northward IMF.

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