Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 1960
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1960phrv..119..575r&link_type=abstract
Physical Review, vol. 119, Issue 2, pp. 575-590
Physics
100
Scientific paper
Measurements of the onset of absorption due to excitation of electrons across the energy gap were made on a variety of superconductors. Using the onset of the main absorption edge as a measure of the energy gap, the values of Eg(0), the energy gap at absolute zero, were found to be 4.1+/-0.2 kTc for indium, 3.6+/-0.2 kTc for tin, 4.6+/-0.2 kTc for mercury, <=3.0 kTc for tantalum, 3.4+/-0.2 kTc for vanadium, 4.1+/-0.2 kTc for lead, and 2.8+/-0.3 kTc for niobium. The deviations of these values of the energy gap from the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer value of 3.5 kTc are a fairly smooth function of the Debye temperature alone, but a less smooth one of the ratio of the Debye temperature to the critical temperature. Structure was found on the absorption curves of lead and mercury. Its interpretation is discussed in terms of possible states in the gap, anisotropy of the gap, and of a possible dielectric anomaly. The position of the main absorption edge seemed to scale with temperature according to the temperature dependence of the energy gap predicted by the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory, and the structure appeared to have a roughly similar temperature dependence. The absorption curves for pure superconductors are compared with predictions based on the theory of the skin effect in the normal and superconducting states. Two alloy superconductors were measured. They appeared to have less well-defined gaps than the pure superconductors.
Richards Paul L.
Tinkham Michael
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