Polarization effects in astronomical spatial interferometry

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Interferometry, Polarization Characteristics, Polarized Light, Telescopes, Coatings, Diffraction Patterns, Mirrors, Surface Properties

Scientific paper

One of the operational modes of the European Very Large Telescope will be the one in which the four 8.2-m diameter telescopes will be used together with two or more smaller telescopes with about 2-m aperture as a spatial amplitude interferometer. One of the main factors affecting the performance of this interferometric array relates to the polarization characteristics of the optics composing the legs of the array. Retardation effects and reorientation of the polarization coordinate frame of reference by reflections are a major cause of fringe contrast decrease. These effects are analyzed, and a ray-tracing algorithm is developed to calculate the polarization transfer and the resulting fringe contrast decrease.

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