How to use Active Optics Shack-Hartmann data to measure the seeing at the focal plane of a telescope

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Instrumentation: Adaptive Optics, Site Testing

Scientific paper

Real-time seeing estimation at the focus of a telescope is nowadays strongly emphasized as this knowledge virtually drives the dimensioning of adaptive optics systems and instrument operational aspects. In this context we study the interest of using active optics Shack-Hartmann (SH) sensor images to provide accurate estimate of the seeing. The SH practically delivers long exposure spot PSFs -at the critical location of the telescope focus- being directly related to the atmospheric seeing in the line of sight. Although SH sensors are not specified to measure spot sizes but slopes, we show that accurate seeing estimation from SH images can be obtained with a dedicated algorithm. The sensitivity of this algorithm to various parameters is analyzed in a systematic way, demonstrating that efficient estimation of the seeing can be obtained with adequate calibration.

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