Physics
Scientific paper
Sep 1990
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1990sci...249.1154s&link_type=abstract
Science (ISSN 0036-8075), vol. 249, Sept. 7, 1990, p. 1154-1157.
Physics
11
Lithosphere, Magma, Volcanology, Hawaii, Liquid Phases, Petrology, Phase Diagrams, Rare Earth Elements
Scientific paper
The maximum depth at which large (greater than 1000 cu km) terrestrial mafic magma chambers can form has generally been thought to be the Moho, which occurs at a mean depth of about 35 kilometers beneath the continents and 8 kilometers beneath ocean basins. However, the presence of layers of cumulus magnesium-rich spinel and olivine and intercumulus garnet in an unusual mantle xenolith from Oahu, Hawaii, suggests that this rock is a fragment of a large magma chamber that formed at a depth of about 90 kilometers; Hawaiian shield-building magmas may pond and fractionate in such magma chambers before continuing their ascent. This depth is at or near the base of the 90-million-year-old lithosphere beneath Oahu; thus, rejuvenated stage alkalic magmas containing mantle xenoliths evidently also originate below the lithosphere.
Jones Robert E.
Sen Gautam
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