Physics
Scientific paper
Nov 1992
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992georl..19.2183d&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276), vol. 19, no. 21, p. 2183-2186.
Physics
3
Celestial Geodesy, Geodetic Accuracy, Radio Transmission, Radio Wave Refraction, Turbulence Effects, Kolmogoroff Theory, Microwave Radiometers, Refractivity, Very Long Base Interferometry
Scientific paper
A straightforward expression for the covariance of a general vector of atmospheric parameters is employed to calculate the effects of estimates of spatial gradients for a frozen Kolmogorov turbulence field moving over a site at constant velocities. Numerical calculations are performed to investigate the implications for three techniques: ground-based microwave radiometry, geodesy with the Global Positioning System, and VLBI. It is found that a prevailing wind with no true static gradients may give rise to apparent azimuthal asymmetries when gradient parameters are estimated. The standard deviation of the estimated north gradient parameter as a function of wind direction, for various wind speeds, is illustrated.
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