Speeds and accelerations of coronal mass ejections

Details Speeds and accelerations of coronal mass ejections Speeds and accelerations of coronal mass ejections

Nov 1992

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992esasp.348..125s&link_type=abstract

In ESA, Proceedings of the First SOHO Workshop: Coronal Streamers, Coronal Loops, and Coronal and Solar Wind Composition p 125 (

Physics

4

Coronagraphs, Solar Corona, Stellar Mass Ejection, Velocity Distribution, Velocity Measurement, Acceleration (Physics), Annual Variations, Observation, Soho Mission, Sun

Scientific paper

More than 1300 coronal mass ejections have been detected in observations made by the coronagraph aboard SMM during 1980 and 1984-1989. The speed (projected onto the plane of the sky) for at least one morphoplogical feature in about half of these mass ejections could be measured. The average speed of all mass ejection features was about 350 km/s, but speeds range from a few 10s of km/s to more than 2000 km/s. There also appear to be significant variations between the speed distributions for different years. When a mass ejection feature appeared in three or more sequential images, its acceleration could also be calculated. But, because of the limited time a mass ejection remained in the SMM field of view, the ability to detect any given acceleration diminished with increasing mass ejection speed. In fact, the SMM observations do not reveal a discernable acceleration for most mass ejections. A modest yet credible acceleration was detected in 136 cases, while a deceleration was detected in only 7 cases. The LASCO coronagraph will have a more extensive field of view than the SMM instrument; hence, with these new SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) observations, some of the challenging questions concerning mass ejection dynamics can be addressed. How far away from the Sun does the material in a mass ejection continue being accelerated? At what radial distance is the motion of the mass ejection dominated by deceleration as it interacts with the ambient interplanetary material?

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