Physics
Scientific paper
Nov 1992
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992e%26psl.113..473o&link_type=abstract
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 113, Issue 4, p. 473-486.
Physics
9
Scientific paper
A detailed chronology of a 432 m core from Kita-daito-jima, an atoll on the Philippine Sea plate, has been obtained by strontium isotope stratigraphy. The atoll carbonate extends to late Oligocene age. The top ~ 100 m Plio-Pleistocene section of the core has been dolomitized, and dolomite also extends to middle Miocene sediments. Sr isotopes identify two dolomitization events, at ~ 2 and ~ 5 Ma. Atoll growth appears to have been continuous between 18.8 and 24.3 Ma and the fit of the growth history to a standard model provides a successful confirmation of Darwin's subsidence theory. The atoll growth appears to have commenced about 42 Ma ago (6 Ma after volcanism), producing a ~ 2 km column of atoll carbonate, in agreement with bathymetry. The subsidence model defines an apparent loss of 360 m of the sedimentary record since the early-middle Miocene boundary. The amount in excess of the ~ 100 m associated with sea-level fall is attributed to Plio-Pleistocene uplift at rates of ~ 20-30 m/Ma associated with the forebulge of the Philippine Sea plate prior to its subduction. Uplift rates have also been estimated using (a) the heights of dated last-interglacial coral reefs on Kita-daito-jima and nearby Minami-daito-jima (~ 17 m/Ma and ~ 29 m/Ma), (b) Sr isotope ages of calcites from surface samples on Minami-daito-jima (~ 21 m/Ma) and (c) contrasts in elevation with Okino-daito-jima 100 km away (~ 22 m/Ma). The locations of hiatuses and ages of dolomitization indicate sea-level falls of ~ 80 m at ~ 17-16 Ma, ~ 30 m at ~ 16-15 Ma, ~ 125 m at ~ 11 Ma, and ~ 90 m at ~ 5 Ma and at ~ 2 Ma. The data have been combined with those from Enewetak Atoll to produce a curve of sea-level change for the Neogene.
Elderfield Henry
Ohde S.
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