Physics
Scientific paper
Oct 1985
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1985oeoa.symp.....h&link_type=abstract
Presented at the 2nd International Technical Symposium on Optical and Electro-optical Applied Science and Engineering, Cannes, F
Physics
Observatories, Spectrometers, X Ray Telescopes, Grazing Incidence Telescopes, Mirrors, Proportional Counters, Reflection, X Rays
Scientific paper
A spectrometer design candidate is presented for the X-ray Multi-Mirror (XMM) observatory, being planned by the European Space Agency (ESA) as a long-lived large-area of telescopes. The science requirement of moderate resolution (E/E approx. 100) spectroscopy in a two octave region (0.5 to 2 keV) with extremely high throughput (effective area greater than 500 cm) results in the use of grazing incidence reflection gratings. Due to the low image quality of the telescopes (approx. 1 minute of arc), the grating dispersion must be maximized by use of the classical grating mount in which the spectrum is dispersed within the plane of incident radiation. Due to the small field of view by the x-ray telescopes, the gratings must be situated in the converging beam at the exit of the telescope. A spectrometer module consists of a thin-foil conical mirror telescope, a stack of plane varied-space reflection gratings and an imaging proportional counter. This system is analyzed on the basis of dispersion, geometric aberrations and efficiency. At a spectral resolution of 0.15 A, a twenty module XMM would attain an average effective area of approx. 900 cm, reaching twice this value at the peak wavelength (15 A). Similar throughput is obtained in second order centered at 7.5 A, the two spectral orders separated by the non-dispersive energy resolution of the proportional counter.
Hettrick Michael C.
Kahn Steve M.
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