Radar reconnaissance of near-Earth asteroids

Physics

Scientific paper

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Asteroid Belts, Asteroids, Radar Detection, Radar Echoes, Reconnaissance, Space Debris, Space Observations (From Earth), Space Surveillance (Spaceborne)

Scientific paper

During the past decade, echoes from 29 near Earth asteroids have provided new information about these objects' physical and dynamical properties. In the investigation of a near Earth asteroid, the strategy is to detect the echo, refine the delay Doppler ephemeris, and then determine the dual polarization delay Doppler signature at the finest time frequency resolution possible, as a function of the target's rotation phase and sky position. In principle, with instrumentation expected to be available by the mid 1990's such an experiment should be able to yield a physical characterization of an asteroid that is as informative as Mariner 13's images of Phobos and Deimos. The near Earth asteroid population probably contains many tens of thousands of radar detectable objects, most of which can be discovered optically within a few decades. Ways in which these techniques could be used in elucidating the threat of asteroid impact are discussed.

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