History of planetary science. The Pic du Midi Planetary Observation Project : 1941-1971

Details History of planetary science. The Pic du Midi Planetary Observation Project : 1941-1971 History of planetary science. The Pic du Midi Planetary Observation Project : 1941-1971

Aug 1998

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1998p%26ss...46.1037d&link_type=abstract

Planetary and Space Science, Volume 46, Issue 8, p. 1037-1073.

Physics

1

Scientific paper

When, in 1941, Bernard Lyot attempted to observe planet Mars at Pic du Midi, he experienced unusual viewing conditions. He realized that this circumstance was not at all exceptional for the Pic but representative of a remarkable property of the high altitude site. He decided to design, and put into operation at the top of the mountain a refractor, 60 cm in diameter, specially conceived for high angular resolution. With such a capability, Henry Camichel, Jean Focas and Audouin Dollfus initiated a deep and long-term research project based upon planetary surface exploration, with high telescopic magnification. Visual analysis, photographic work, double image micrometry, photometric and polarimetric sensing were the most frequently used techniques and they were combined. Full exploitation of all these approaches required 30 years of continuous work, essentially coordinated by Observatoire de Paris at Meudon. The project was completed almost at the time when spacecraft missions within the Solar System began to replace telescopic work for planetary physics. At this time, the Pic du Midi work have released new basic physical properties about planets and satellites. Knowledge was acquired and fundamental problems settled, which are reviewed.

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