The High Energy Frontier: Pushing Direct Measurements to the Knee

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Spanning over 14 decades in energy, the Galactic Cosmic Radiation constitutes a laboratory for particle acceleration processes in astrophysical environments. The cosmic rays follow a power law spectrum in energy which shows two features, a steepening in the power law at a few PeV - the "knee" - and a subsequent flattening in the power law at a few EeV - the "ankle". The "knee" was discovered over 40 years ago through measurement of cosmic ray initiated air showers, yet its origin and the underlying physics remain largely unknown. Recent progress in studying the high energy regime up to the knee using direct particle-by-particle balloon and spacecraft experiments is reviewed, and prospects for understanding this feature in terms of the acceleration of the cosmic rays are evaluated. Supported in part by NASA, NSF and LA Board of Regents

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