On the knee in the energy spectrum of cosmic rays

Details On the knee in the energy spectrum of cosmic rays On the knee in the energy spectrum of cosmic rays

Apr 2002

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002aps..apr.e3002h&link_type=abstract

American Physical Society, April Meeting, Jointly Sponsored with the High Energy Astrophysics Division (HEAD) of the American As

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

Scientific paper

Cosmic-ray particles with energies above ~ 5 × 10^14 eV require for their measurement due to the steep falling energy spectrum long exposure times or large detection areas, presently only possible in ground--based installations. These experiments measure the secondary particles from extensive air showers (EAS) induced by high--energy cosmic rays in the atmosphere. The interpretation of the EAS measurements depends on the understanding of the shower development, particularly the hadronic component. But energies and kinematical regions important for EAS are not covered by actual accelerator experiments. Therefore, the only method to test hadronic interaction models, used in simulations to interpret the EAS measurements, is to use the EAS data themselves. Present--day experiments study the shower development in various components and try to verify hadronic interaction models. The actual status of these tests will be presented. With EAS data the energy spectra and mass composition of cosmic rays are investigated, recent results in the energy range from 10^14 to 10^18 eV are summarized. With a phenomenological model, adopting a rigidity dependent cut--off for individual elements, it will be shown that results of indirect measurements are consistent with extrapolations of direct measurements to high energies.

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