Particle transport, composition, and acceleration at shocks in the heliosphere

Physics

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Interplanetary Physics

Scientific paper

The physics of energetic charged-particle transport in the inner heliosphere is discussed in the context of spacecraft observations, and their connection to anomalous cosmic rays and the outer heliosphere. It will be argued that although there may be a variety of sources of energetic nuclei in the inner heliosphere, it is likely that the contribution from interstellar pickup ions dominates in the outer heliosphere. These ions may be further energized by the termination shock and contribute to anomalous cosmic rays. At corotating interaction regions, pickup ions (either of interstellar or inner-source origin) are naturally accelerated to high energies. It will be shown that their acceleration is strongly favored at the reverse shock over the forward shock. The physics of the injection problem (the difficulty in accelerating near thermal-energy particles) will also be discussed. It will be shown that long-wavelength magnetic fluctuations enhances the probability that particles are accelerated to high energies. .

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