The GRB/supernova connection

Physics

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Gamma-Ray Sources, Gamma-Ray Bursts, Supernovae, Jets And Bursts, Galactic Winds And Fountains

Scientific paper

We report here three unsuccessful tries to find a supernova event associated with a Gamma Ray Burst. (A) We examined published and unpublished records for six pre-1997 bursts for optical transients inside the error boxes from 4-30 days after the burst, with observed limits on any supernova of typically V~19. For SN1998bw-like SNe, the bursters need only be at red shifts of greater than 0.07 for the transient to be undetected. Thus, the pre-1997 burst data does not usefully constrain model predictions which state that all long GRBs have underlying SNe events. (B) GRB781104 has a bright galaxy at z=0.0024 in the middle of its small error box, so it is possible that this burst is a very low luminosity event with a SN1998bw-like transient visible for more than a year afterwards. We have examined nine deep plates from six-to-ten months after the burst, and these rule out the possibility of a supernova. For example, plate J5215 has no point source transients to a limit of 20.5 mag on 24 July 1979, when a SN1998bw-like event would have appeared at 17.2 mag. (C) We have examined whether observed Type IIn supernovae have positional/temporal coincidences with BATSE bursts. We find no significant correlation. .

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