Electron and Ion Whistler Mode Waves Observed in the Low Latitude Ionosphere

Physics

Scientific paper

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[2411] Ionosphere / Electric Fields, [3324] Atmospheric Processes / Lightning

Scientific paper

Using the vector electric field instrument on the Communications/Navigation Outage Forecast System (C/NOFS) satellite in near equatorial orbit, we measure both ELF and VLF waves produced by lightning events. The waves are routinely observed in the low latitude ionosphere during nighttime passes within the altitudes defined by the satellite's perigee and apogee of 401 and 867 km, respectively. Using the detector's on-board burst memory, which records measurements of the electric field components at 32 ksample/sec each, we are able to observe chirped waves associated with oblique whistlers propagating nearly vertically in the ionosphere. By studying measurements gathered at a variety of latitudes and longitudes, we calculate the dispersion experienced by a whistler mode wave over the course of its travel from its inception in the ionosphere (above or nearly above the lightning source) to the satellite location. Using a magnetic field model based on the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF), we identify the characteristics of both electron (VLF) and ion (ELF) whistler mode waves associated with lightning events as they propagate through the low latitude ionosphere.

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