An experimental study of the effects of wall conductivity, non-uniform magnetic fields and variable-area ducts on liquid metal flows at high Hartmann number. I - Ducts with non-conducting walls

Physics

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Conducting Fluids, Ducted Flow, Hartmann Number, Liquid Metals, Magnetic Field Configurations, Mercury (Metal), Nonuniform Magnetic Fields, Electric Potential, Electrical Resistivity, Flow Velocity, Pressure Distribution, Reynolds Number, Wall Flow

Scientific paper

Results are presented for an experimental study of the flow of mercury along straight, circular and rectangular nonconducting ducts located in a magnetic field that is uniform except over a short length of the duct where its value decreases by 50%. Magnitudes of the flux density and mean velocity are such that the Hartmann number and interaction parameter are large and the magnetic Reynolds number is much less than unity. Distributions of pressure, electric potential and velocity are measured. Qualitative agreement with the theoretical predictions is obtained insofar as a pressure drop of a specified parameter occurs over the nonuniform field region and, in the circular duct, the fluid can be seen to migrate toward the center of the duct upstream and downstream of the nonuniform field region, but in that region this tendency is reversed. Similar effects occur in the rectangular duct. The study qualitatively supports the Holroyd and Walker (1978) theory but at the same time exposes its limitations and those of the apparatus used.

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