Extreme Solar Wind Conditions and Extreme Response of the Earth's Magnetosphere

Details Extreme Solar Wind Conditions and Extreme Response of the Earth's Magnetosphere Extreme Solar Wind Conditions and Extreme Response of the Earth's Magnetosphere

Dec 2004

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2004agufmsa41b..06l&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2004, abstract #SA41B-06

Physics

2134 Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, 2708 Current Systems (2409), 2722 Forecasting, 2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions, 2788 Storms And Substorms

Scientific paper

To a very large extent, the solar wind controls magnetospheric activity, so that measurements of the solar wind upstream of the Earth can be used to predict the geomagnetic activity. We have developed a model to predict the Dst index based on available solar wind and ground magnetic field measurement. We will show that the model works under extreme solar wind conditions, such as the intervals of October-November 2003 and the Carrington Event (September 1859), a superstorm associated with extreme solar wind conditions, which, however, were not measured, and discuss the implications. For Carrington Event the model predicts a Dst of about -1800 nT based on the inferred solar wind speed of about 1780 and an interplanetary magnetic field z-component of about -70 nT. Thus within the context of the model the extreme response of the magnetosphere previously inferred by Tsurutani et al. [2003] is the normal response of the magnetosphere to the extreme solar wind conditions inferred by Siscoe [2004] for this event. In addition, we demonstrate by examples that the model prediction can be used to infer or confirm a solar wind parameter, such as solar wind speed, in cases when it was not measured or not measured well. Tsurutani et al. [2004]: Tsurutani, B. T., W. D. Gonzalez, G. S. Lakhina, and S. Alex, The Super Magnetic Storm of September 1-2, 1859, J. of Geophysical Physics, 108 (A7), 1268, DOI 10.1029/2002JA009504, 2003. Siscoe [2004]: Siscoe, G., 1859 Storm, IMF, IEF, TPP, & Dst, presented at Spring AGU, Montreal, May 17-21, 2004.

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