Vector magnetic fields and magnetic activity on the Sun.

Physics

Scientific paper

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Solar Magnetic Fields: Solar Activity, Solar Active Regions: Magnetograms, Solar Activity: Magnetohydrodynamics

Scientific paper

The measurement and analysis of solar vector magnetic fields is crucial for an understanding of solar activity. The term "vector magnetic field" implies maps of both the line-of-sight compnent and the transverse components of the magnetic induction B in the solar photosphere. This review first outlines the full panoply of the observable phenomena of magnetic activity on the Sun. Then, it summarizes the current theoretical MHD models developed for interpreting these phenomena. The author discusses actual measurements of the vector magnetic fields using either vector magnetographs or Stokes polarimeters. Practical problems related to calibration, sensitivity, and sources of errors are considered. It is then examined how the observed vector magnetograms may be used to derive or constrain subsurface field structure and dynamics in active regions, to reveal the characteristic topology of magnetic flux tubes, and to follow the development of non-potential field structures in solar active regions.

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