Study of compact planetary nebulae. II - Temperatures, luminosities and problems of evolution of the central star

Details Study of compact planetary nebulae. II - Temperatures, luminosities and problems of evolution of the central star Study of compact planetary nebulae. II - Temperatures, luminosities and problems of evolution of the central star

May 1981

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981a%26a....98..328m&link_type=abstract

Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 98, no. 2, May 1981, p. 328-335.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

58

Planetary Nebulae, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Luminosity, Stellar Temperature, Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars, Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram, Hot Stars, Interstellar Extinction, Stellar Atmospheres, Visible Spectrum

Scientific paper

Interstellar reddening, electron temperature, and helium abundances, obtained for 30 compact planetary nebulae, and the fluxes of the 14 central stars, at six wavelengths between 3250 and 7900 A, are presented. Particular attention is given to the spectral flux distribution of the central star in the 3200 to 8000 A range, as described by a single color temperature. The comparison of the color temperatures and the Zanstra temperatures indicates extended stellar atmospheres for the hotter Of- and Of-WR-type stars. The degree of extension, measured by the difference between the Zanstra and the color temperatures, seems to be correlated to the Zanstra temperature but not to the luminosity. Hot central stars, seen in small nebulae, raise a question against the assumption of a monotonically increasing temperature and against the validity of an evolutionary sequence in the HR diagram for central stars in young planetary nebulae. Luminosities and temperatures of central stars in optically thin nebulae are in good agreement with model calculations of post-asymptotic giant branch stars. Central stars of optically thick nebulae show a rise of luminosity during the earliest phase of the evolution of planetary nebulae.

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