Average characteristics of triggered and non-triggered ­substorm-like­" events: Can a substorm occur without triggering?

Physics

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2744 Magnetotail, 2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions, 2788 Storms And Substorms

Scientific paper

An outstanding question in magnetospheric physics is whether substorms are always triggered externally by changes in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) or solar wind plasma, or whether they sometimes occur spontaneously as a result of internal processes. Over the past decade, arguments have been made on both sides of this issue. Horwitz [1985] and McPherron [1986] suggested that substorms usually appear to be initiated by an internal instability. However, Lyons [1995; 1996] argued that substorms must be triggered by external changes in the IMF and/or the solar wind. Specifically, Lyons [1996] argued that events without apparent triggers were likely to be a non-substorm disturbance such as a convection bay [Pytte et al., 1978]. To examine this issue, Henderson et al. [1996] have presented several examples to demonstrate that non-triggered events do have substorm like signatures on the ground and at geosynchronous orbit. It seems evident from their study that substorms can occur without apparent IMF triggers. However, a stasitical analysis to examine the average characteristics of triggered and non-triggered substorm has never been performed. In this study, we use the substorm onset list established by Hsu and McPherron [2002], which covers the spring and fall onset list of 1978 and 1979 to investigate the tail and geosynchronous response for both triggered and non-triggered substorms. It was found that the average respone in the tail suggest no difference. However, the magnitude response seems different for both classes.

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