Methanol masers and millimetre lines : a common origin in protostellar envelopes

Details Methanol masers and millimetre lines : a common origin in protostellar envelopes Methanol masers and millimetre lines : a common origin in protostellar envelopes

Dec 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011phdt........52k&link_type=abstract

Ph. D. thesis, University of Leiden (2011). Advisor: E.F. van Dishoeck.

Physics

High-Mass Star Formation, Interferometry, Ism, Jets, Masers, Methanol, Outflows, Star Formation, Submillimetre Emission

Scientific paper

In this thesis we study the earliest stages of high-mass star formation. Class II methanol masers are only associated with massive star formation and are a unique probe of these environments. Through observations we have studied where and when the methanol maser emission occur in relation to the protostar. We have found that for a fair fraction of the sources the methanol masers appear on size scales of ca. 1000 AU, in the equatorial region of the massive protostar. It appears that infall, rather than rotation, is the dominant motion. We propose that the maser emission occur close to or in a shock interface, possibly related to the accretion flow of the more extended gas in the protostellar envelope onto an accretion disk. The morphology and kinematics of the thermal methanol gas support the hypothesis that the maser region is also the region where the methanol molecules are released from the icy mantles of the du st grains. We have also estimated the temperature and column density of the methanol gas in the outflows and find evidence for radiative excitation of the methanol gas at the location of the maser emission.

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