Physics
Scientific paper
Apr 1979
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1979sci...204...42h&link_type=abstract
Science, vol. 204, Apr. 6, 1979, p. 42-44.
Physics
1
Neutrinos, Solar Energy, Solar Flux, Solar Physics, Boron Isotopes, Chlorine, Gallium Isotopes, Germanium Isotopes, Hydrogen, Indium Isotopes, Lithium Isotopes, Radioactive Decay
Scientific paper
Experiments designed to measure the flux of solar neutrinos and thereby determine the nuclear reactions occurring in the sun are discussed. The sole existing experiment attempts to trap neutrinos by Cl-37 nuclei, which are transformed into radioactive Ar-37 nuclei, but is limited by the fact that only highly energetic neutrinos (more than 0.814 MeV) are detectable and only if they directly collide with a nucleus. A detection rate of three neutrinos per week in 615 tons of perchloroethylene has been observed, which is only one third of the rate predicted by theory for the solar conversion of B-8 into Be-8. An experiment using Ga-71 as the target and able to trap neutrinos with only 0.236 MeV from hydrogen fusion reactions is now under development, as is an experiment using In-115 to capture neutrinos down to energies of 0.128 MeV and determine their energy spectra and direction. A detector based on the transformation of Li-7 into radioactive Be-7 is also under consideration because of its relatively low cost and large target area, but it is limited by a detection threshold of 0.862 MeV.
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