The physics of weak waves in gases

Details The physics of weak waves in gases The physics of weak waves in gases

Apr 1979

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1979rpph...42..629j&link_type=abstract

Reports on Progress in Physics, vol. 42, Apr. 1979, p. 629-676.

Computer Science

Sound

9

Atmospheric Physics, Gas Dynamics, Molecular Relaxation, Shock Wave Propagation, Sound Propagation, Acoustic Attenuation, Carbon Dioxide, Earth Atmosphere, Fluid Mechanics, Method Of Characteristics, Nitrous Oxides, Nonlinearity, Periodic Variations, Sonic Booms, Thermodynamics

Scientific paper

The properties of air at meteorological temperatures relevant to sound propagation and shock wave structure are reviewed. Of particular interest is the irreversible process of vibrational relaxation which describes the transfer of energy to or from the vibrational modes of the molecules and which dominates the absorption of audible sound in air. A detailed discussion of the structure and propagation of weak nonlinear waves in air shows that relaxation is again the dominant effect. As an alternative method to the usual approach of nonlinear acoustics the exact gasdynamic equations are solved numerically for a number of simple flow situations and exact results are obtained for the structure of steady waves. Estimates are obtained for the propagation distances required for the development of waveforms into steady profiles, and these distances are found under some circumstances to be greater than the dimensions of the earth's atmosphere. The results are confirmed by laboratory experiments in CO2 and N2O2 and applied to waves in air with special reference to the sonic bangs of supersonic aircraft. Very recent results of applying the same alternative approach to periodic waves are reviewed briefly.

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