Ulysses Observations of VLF Wave Activity in the Solar Wind and the Photoelectron Effects on the Measurements

Physics

Scientific paper

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2149 Mhd Waves And Turbulence, 2159 Plasma Waves And Turbulence, 2162 Solar Cycle Variations (7536), 2164 Solar Wind Plasma, 7871 Waves And Instabilities

Scientific paper

We present observations of VLF waves (0.2 to 448 Hz) made by Ulysses during its second orbit (during the solar maximum) and compare the observations with those during the first orbit, when the solar activity was approaching a minimum. The occurrences and properties of the waves are found to be similar during the solar maximum and solar minimum periods for slow and intermediate speed solar wind. In the fast solar wind streams, which are seen during the first orbit when Ulysses was at high latitudes, the spacecraft observed nearly continuous electric wave activity with peak power near and below the local electron gyrofrequency. In the second orbit this is not observed since the Sun was approaching maximum activity conditions, and the spacecraft was traveling in the slow and intermediate solar wind at all latitudes and no entry into the fast solar wind. The maximum intensity of the electromagnetic waves for the two solar cycle periods is comparable. These similarities suggest that the plasma conditions for the waves' excitation are similar for the slow and intermediate solar wind in both solar maximum and minimum phases. It is also found that the electric field noise detected in the low band channels of the Wave Form Analyzer, which are measuring less than 9 Hz signals, is contaminated by the spin modulation of the electric field due to photoelectrons around the spacecraft, especially when the ambient plasma density is low. This effect enhances with the increase of the solar aspect angle.

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