Microwave analog to light scattering measurements: a modern implementation of a proven method to achieve precise control.

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Scattering: Laboratory Simulations

Scientific paper

The experimental determination of scattered electromagnetic radiation from a known target illuminated by a known source remains an essential tool to test new scattering theories and to investigate the scattering by particles for which a theory has not yet been devised. This article describes a modern broad-band microwave scattering facility capable of determining the elements of the scattering matrix from 0 to 168° scattering angle under automated control. The laboratory measurements can cover the size range from near the Rayleigh limit to geometric optics. Both phase and intensity are routinely measured at 85-501 discrete wavelengths from 2.7 to 4 mm, which allows the derivation of all elements in the scattering matrix. The unwanted background radiation can be removed through vector subtraction and the result verified using the technique of "time-gating" based on inverse Fourier transformation and time domain analysis. Measurements are shown to be repeatable and accurate. This is primarily due to the use of a "clean" mechanical and electronic design in combination with high mechanical and thermal stability.

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