Venera 11 and Venera 12 observations of E.U.V. emissions from the upper atmosphere of Venus

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Atmospheric Radiation, Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation, Venera Satellites, Venus Atmosphere, Lyman Alpha Radiation, Satellite-Borne Instruments, Sensitivity, Ultraviolet Spectrophotometers, Upper Atmosphere, Ions, Ionosphere, Solar Wind, Venus, Atmosphere, Ultraviolet, Flux, Emissions, Venera 11, Venera 12, Observations, Spectrophotometry, Data, Wavelengths, Lyman-Alpha Radiation, Solar Radiation, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Distribution, Temperatures, Equipment, Spectrophotometer, Geometry, Data Reduction, Diagrams, H

Scientific paper

The emissions of H I 121.6 nm, He I 58.4 nm, and O I 130.4 nm were recorded by ultraviolet spectrophotometers on Venera 11 and Venera 12 on Dec. 1978. An O I signal of 500 Rayleigh measured outside the disk indicated the presence of a large bulge of oxygen atoms; the EUV emissions of O II 83.4 nm and He II 30.4 nm showed the existence of very intense emission between the monitored wavelengths. The Lyman-alpha interplanetary background was 4 to 5 times greater than expected, typical of an intensive solar flux or increased interplanetary density; hydrogen distribution is representative of two populations with 400 and 700 K temperatures.

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