Use of an ac heterodyne lateral shear interferometer with real-time wavefront correction systems

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Error Correcting Devices, Instrument Errors, Interferometers, Optical Heterodyning, Real Time Operation, Wave Front Deformation, Aberration, Radiance, Root-Mean-Square Errors, Shear Strain, Shot Noise

Scientific paper

An analysis is presented of the accuracy with which an ac heterodyne lateral shear interferometer can measure wavefront aberrations if it is used with a white light extended source and the predominant noise source is shot noise. The approximate relationship between the rms error in the calculated wavefront and the rms error is derived for a simplified case. Two examples are considered: rectangular sunlit diffuse objects of various values of angular subtense, and Mars and Venus, assuming that the planets are circular discs. It is shown that for uniform circular or square sources larger than a derived minimum size, accuracy depends only upon the radiance of the source. In these cases the optimum shear distance is about 1/2 the minimum diameter needed to resolve the light source. The accuracy obtained using non-uniform sources depends on the radiance distribution, and is improved if the object has periodic structure.

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