Multiline study with VLBI of SiO masers in evolved stars

Physics

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Scientific paper

The understanding of the origin and evolution of circumstellar envelopes around evolved stars depends critically on our knowledge of the processes involved in their innermost layers within a few stellar radii of the star. SiO maser emission can be used as a probe to investigate the physical conditions in those regions, inobservable by means of the thermal emission molecular lines. The regions where SiO arises are of particular interest as dust is formed there and the velocity field is a tracer of the dynamical processes occurring in the acceleration region of the molecular envelope. However, few attempts exist trying to relate the SiO maser emission spots at different frequencies with high spatial resolution. Our project studies how these emissions compare. We present the results of our study of the 7mm (v=1 and v=2 J=1-0) and 3mm (v=1 J=2-1) SiO masers in the circumstellar envelopes of evolved stars. We find similarities between the maps, despite of the non coincidence in the location of most spots in the different lines. The visibilities found for the most compact spots are compatible with maser sources as small as 0.13 milliarcseconds (or 0.023 AU at the distance of RCas). We discuss the implication of the distributions found in the understanding of the conditions in the inner layers of these envelopes.

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