Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2008-12-04
Mod.Phys.Lett.A25:3003-3016,2010
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
16 pages. Based on lectures at the 46th Course at the International School of Subnuclear Physics - Erice -Sicily: 29 August -7
Scientific paper
10.1142/S0217732310034444
We discuss the $U(1)_X$ extensions of the standard model with focus on the Stueckelberg mechanism for mass growth for the extra $U(1)_X$ gauge boson. The assumption of an axionic connector field which carries dual U(1) quantum numbers, i.e., quantum numbers for the hypercharge $U(1)_Y$ and for the hidden sector gauge group $U(1)_X$, allows a non-trivial mixing between the mass growth for the neutral gauge vector bosons in the $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ sector and the mass growth for the vector boson by the \st mechanism in the $U(1)_X$ sector. This results in an extra $Z'$ which can be very narrow, but still detectable at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The $U(1)_X$ extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model is also considered and the role of the Fayet-Illiopoulos term in such an extension discussed. The $U(1)_X$ extensions of the SM and of the MSSM lead to new candidates for dark matter.
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