Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Experiment
Scientific paper
2001-08-14
Nucl.Instrum.Meth.A490:476-491,2002
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Experiment
21 pages, 8 figures, to be submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods
Scientific paper
10.1016/S0168-9002(02)01077-X
We have investigated the possibility that large rock salt formations might be suitable as target masses for detection of neutrinos of energies about 10 PeV and above. In neutrino interactions at these energies, the secondary electromagnetic cascade produces a coherent radio pulse well above ambient thermal noise via the Askaryan effect. We describe measurements of radio-frequency attenuation lengths and ambient thermal noise in two salt formations. Measurements in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), located in an evaporite salt bed in Carlsbad, NM yielded short attenuation lengths, 3-7 m over 150-300 MHz. However, measurements at United Salt's Hockley mine, located in a salt dome near Houston, Texas yielded attenuation lengths in excess of 250 m at similar frequencies. We have also analyzed early ground-penetrating radar data at Hockley mine and have found additional evidence for attenuation lengths in excess of several hundred meters at 440 MHz. We conclude that salt domes, which may individually contain several hundred cubic kilometer water-equivalent mass, provide attractive sites for next-generation high-energy neutrino detectors.
Besson David
Frichter George
Gorham Peter
Odian Allen
Saltzberg David
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