Empirical atmospheric velocity patterns from combined IUE and visual observations: The Be stars

Physics

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B Stars, Stellar Atmospheres, Stellar Mass, Velocity Distribution, H Alpha Line, Iue, Planetary Nebulae, Stellar Coronas, Stellar Envelopes

Scientific paper

Observations of 59 Cyg show the strongest displacements of the far UV superionized lines at epochs of minimum H alpha emission. Phases of strongest mass flux, measured in the chromospheric coronal regions, do not coincide with phases of largest mass content in the overlying cool H alpha envelope. Velocities in the chromosphere-corona range up to 1500 km/sec; those in the H alpha and Fe II emission envelope, and absorption shell, do not exceed 1 to 200 km/sec. The density in the postcoronal regions is not fixed by a monotonically-outward accelerated flow; strong deceleration and cooling of the mass-flow within a few radii are required. The Be stars have the same atmospheric pattern as planetary nebulae but the decelerated cool regions occur within a few radii as contrasted to the 1 million or more radii for normal planetary nebulae.

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