Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Aug 2005
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2005aipc..781..240l&link_type=abstract
THE PHYSICS OF COLLISIONLESS SHOCKS: 4th Annual IGPP International Astrophysics Conference. AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
1
Shock Waves, Turbulence, Acceleration, Solar Wind, Planetary Bow Shocks, Interplanetary Shocks, Particle Acceleration, Particle Emission, Solar Wind
Scientific paper
A review of upstream waves at collisionless shocks is presented including their instability due to the cyclotron-resonant interaction with the energetic shock-accelerated protons, and their observed sites throughout the heliosphere. A new calculation of the power spectrum, I(k, z), of these waves is described which reveals that I(k << k0(z)) ~ |k|β-6 and I(k >> k0(z))~k-2, where β = 3X/(X-1), X is the shock compression ratio, and k0(z) is a decreasing function of increasing z. This form of I(k, z) has important consequences for ion fractionation at shocks and the form of the high-energy cutoff.
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