Traveling planetary waves and their effect on the general circulation

Physics

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Circulation, Baroclinic Waves, Wave Propagation, Atmospheric Pressure, Northern Hemisphere, Upper Atmosphere

Scientific paper

Evidence of regularly propagating, large scale waves was found in a 73-year record of Northern Hemisphere sea level pressure data and in a nine year record of upper air data. Cross spectrum analyses indicated that south of 50 N, in all seasons, a zonal wave number one disturbance moved westward around the world in five days. In addition, north of 50 N, primarily in winter and spring, a zonal wave number one disturbance moved westward around the world in one to three weeks with an average period near 16 days. The structure of the 16-day wave during winter is studied in detail, and it is shown to be consistent, in many respects, with that of a theoretically predicted free, planetary wave, or wave of the second class. Further evidence is presented that demonstrates that the interaction of a transient, free, planetary wave and a quasi-stationary, forced wave can cause large fluctuations in vertical energy transport and in the total atmospheric energy cycle itself.

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