Astronomical criteria for interferometric arrays

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Michelson Interferometers, Spaceborne Astronomy, Spaceborne Telescopes, Spacecraft Design, Structural Design Criteria, Synthetic Arrays, Active Galaxies, Angular Resolution, Astrometry, Quasars, Stellar Rotation

Scientific paper

The effect of Michelson stellar interferometric arrays on spacecraft design is discussed. Almost all sources that can be resolved by kilometer baseline interferometers are bright. Most active galaxies and QSO's contain a compact object which enables the amplitude and phase of features in weak spectral lines to be measured to a few per cent even with the simplest spacecraft. Many of the most interesting stars and binary systems need at least kilometer baselines to obtain adequate spatial resolution across their disks but also rotate with periods of hours or days. This greatly complicates the design of the spacecraft and means two telescope interferometers may only have limited usefulness in obtaining star spot pictures. However, accurate diameters can be measured in a few hours and the spacecraft could obtain submicroarcsecond astrometry on certain classes of object. Other considerations dictate the use of high orbits and relatively long observation times for first generation interferometers in space.

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