Reflected and diffuse ions backstreaming from the Earth's bow shock. Volume 1: Basic properties

Physics

Scientific paper

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Bow Waves, Earth Magnetosphere, Ionic Diffusion, Solar Wind, Flux Density, International Sun Earth Explorer 2, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Ion Temperature, Statistical Analysis

Scientific paper

Plasma data from the ISEE 2 solar wind experiment were used to perform statistical analysis of the basic moments of the ions backstreaming from the Earth's bow shock. The density and total energy density of the backstreaming ions are, on the average, equal to 1% and 10% of those of the the solar wind, respectively. The distinction between the reflected and diffuse populations is put on a quantitative basis using the ratio R = VBP/w sub BP between the bulk velocity and the r.m.s. thermal speed of the ions. The reflected ions move against the incoming solar wind with a bulk velocity equal to twice the solar wind velocity and are characterized by a temperature equal to 7 million K. The diffuse ions have a bulk velocity 1.2 times the solar wind velocity and a temperature of 40 million K. The total energy density of the diffuse ions is 30% larger than that of the reflected ions. While 70% of the total energy density is kinetic for the reflected ions, this percentage decreases to 20% for the diffuse ions.

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