Are There Two Classes of Coronal Mass Ejections? A Theoretical Perspective

Physics

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2111 Ejecta, Driver Gases, And Magnetic Clouds, 7509 Corona, 7513 Coronal Mass Ejections, 7524 Magnetic Fields

Scientific paper

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are generally accepted as the cause of nonrecurrent geomagnetic storms at Earth. Statistical compilations of CME events have shown that CMEs launched in the corona can have a wide variation in speeds (Hundhausen et al., JGR 99, 6543, 1994). The speed of the CME at Earth and the presence or absence of an interplanetary shockwave is an important component of the geoeffectiveness; therefore, the mechanism(s) by which fast CMEs might be produced are considered to be of particular importance. Recently, the examination of the acceleration profiles of CMEs has led to the possible classification of CMEs as either constant speed CMEs or constant acceleration (St. Cyr et al., JGR 104, 12493, 1999; Sheeley et al., JGR 104, 24739, 1999). In this talk, we will examine reasons why one might expect CMEs to show two classes of acceleration profiles, and if they do, what the implications are for models of CME initiation. Examples from MHD simulations of CMEs for different initiation mechanisms will be used to illustrate essential points. Research supported by NASA and Boston University's Integrated Space Weather Modeling project (funded by NSF).

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