Dec 1981
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981sciam.245...90i&link_type=abstract
Scientific American, vol. 245, Dec. 1981, p. 90-93, 96, 98 (5 ff.).
Physics
5
Atmospheric Physics, Jupiter Atmosphere, Planetology, Saturn Atmosphere, Astronomical Models, Jupiter Red Spot, Long Term Effects, Planetary Rotation, Voyager Project, Wind Effects, Dynamics, Composition, Period, Radiation, Temperatures, Heating, Motion, Cooling, Helium, Hypotheses, Gases, Infrared, Wavelengths, Circulation, Carbon Monoxide, Particles, Colors, Clouds, Solar Radiation, Simulations, Energy, Fluids, Experiments, Flow, Planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Weather, Comparisons, Models, Winds, Surface, Laye
Scientific paper
The physical and dynamic properties of Jupiter and Saturn are discussed, with a focus on the atmospheric dynamics. H and He comprise the bulk of the gas giants, the same as in the sun, and bulk densities are 1.33 and .69 g/cu cm, respectively. Studies of the gravitational fields of the two planets indicate a core of ice and rock, and the three million earth atmospheres pressure of both is taken as evidence that the core is surrounded by a layer of metallic H. Voyager measurements showed that the two planets radiate more energy than received, implying an internal heat source, which is attributed to thermal and gravitational energy. The atmospheric chemistries are reviewed, noting that differing levels of the atmospheres basically of the same composition change color. Finally, models of the atmospheric circulation are presented, and coaxial cylinders and long-lived ovals are used as systems to describe the tremendous kinetic energy driving the turbulence in the atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn.
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