The Stickney impact of PHOBOS - A dynamical model

Physics

Scientific paper

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Crustal Fractures, Dynamic Models, Meteorite Craters, Phobos, Planetary Craters, Satellite Surfaces, Basalt, Ejecta, Equations Of State, Grooves, Regolith, Rheology, Mars, Satellites, Phobos, Stickney, Impact Craters, Dynamics, Models, Surface, Features, Cratering, Fracturing, Physics, Planetesimals, Ice, Procedure, Scaling, Impactor, Velocity, Parameters, Ejecta, Density, Impact Effects, Interior, Calculations, Rheology, Equation Of State, Geometry, Gravity Properties, Strength, Theoretical Studies, Basalt

Scientific paper

The hypervelocity impact that excavated the Stickney crater on Phobos is numerically modeled in order to understand the effects this collision had on the interior and surface of Phobos. The model assumes homogeneity prior to impact based on Fujiwara's (1991) results. Constitutive relations for water ice and basalt are applied in tandem models. Fracture energetics is used to show that the impact itself is sufficient to cause the cracks observed on Phobos. It is further shown that the Stickney impact itself could not have created large voids; thus, the low density of Phobos must either be compositional in nature or else the result of porosity at a scale sufficiently small to avoid scattering the impact energy substantially.

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