Physics
Scientific paper
Dec 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008agufm.u11b0029m&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2008, abstract #U11B-0029
Physics
1039 Alteration And Weathering Processes (3617), 5415 Erosion And Weathering, 5462 Polar Regions, 5470 Surface Materials And Properties, 6225 Mars
Scientific paper
The Surface Stereo Imager (SSI) on the Phoenix Lander is a 15 band multispectral imager covering the spectral range from 0.45 to 1.00 micrometers. More than 250 15-filter spectral image cubes have been obtained for surface targets at the Phoenix landing site in the north polar region of Mars. The spectra of surface soils and rocks are dominated by a ferric absorption edge from nanophase ferric oxide, and they are broadly similar to most multispectral data obtained during the Pathfinder and MER missions. Negative spectral slopes between about 0.70 and 1.00 micrometers, indicative of high concentrations of olivine in the El Dorado sand sheet at Gusev crater, were not detected. The albedo (cos(i) corrected) of Phoenix surface spectra is highly dependent on the time of sol (albedo at 0.80 micrometers varies by a factor of 2), consistent with opposition and phase function effects. Subsurface layers bearing water ice were exposed at a depth of about 4 cm by digging with the robotic arm scoop. The SSI spectra of icy materials are highly variable, ranging from typical ice (spectrally neutral and high albedo near 0.7) at the Dodo-Goldilocks trench to low albedo spectra (about 0.3 at 0.80 micrometers) with a ferric absorption edge at the Snow White trench. The differences are attributed, respectively, to low and high concentrations of fine-grained and ferric-rich material dispersed throughout the ice. The spectra of the icy surfaces are dependent on time as the ice sublimes. At Snow White, an optically thick (about 300 micrometers) sublimate lag develops within two sols. At Dodo- Goldilocks, the time scale for development of an optically thick sublimate lag is 5 to greater than 60 sols, depending on location within the trench. The spectra of sublimate lag are equivalent to those for fine-grained soil.
Arvidson Ray E.
Blaney Diana L.
Ellehoj M. D.
Lemmon Mark Thomas
Mellon Michael T.
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