Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 1985
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1985rpph...48..955p&link_type=abstract
Reports on Progress in Physics (ISSN 0034-4885), vol. 48, July 1985, p. 955-1090.
Physics
153
Cosmic Plasma, Current Sheets, Magnetohydrodynamics, Continuity Equation, Coupled Modes, Current Density, Earth Magnetosphere, Equations Of Motion, Green'S Functions, Lorentz Force, Magnetic Fields, Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence, Reynolds Number, Solar Flares, Steady Flow, Tearing Modes (Plasmas)
Scientific paper
Examples of current sheets are summarized and their formation is described. A universal phenomenon in cosmic plasmas is the creation of sheets off intense current near X-type neutral points (where the magnetic field vanishes). These sheets are important as sites where the magnetic-field energy is converted efficiently into heat and bulk kinetic energy and where particles can be accelerated to high energies. Examples include disruptions in laboratory tokamaks, substorms in the earth's magnetosphere, and flares on the sun. The basic behavior of a one-dimensional sheet is presented, together with an account of the linear tearing-mode instability that can cause the field lines in such a sheet to reconnect. Such reconnection may develop in different ways: it may arise from a spontaneous instability or it may be driven, either from outside by motions or locally by a resistivity enhancement. Various processes are described that may occur during the nonlinear development of tearing, along with the many numerical and laboratory experiments that are aiding our understanding of this intriguing cosmical process.
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