Upper and middle tropospheric kinetic energy dissipation rates from measurements of C2n - review of theories, in-situ investigations, and experimental studies using the Buckland Park atmospheric radar in Australia

Details Upper and middle tropospheric kinetic energy dissipation rates from measurements of C2n - review of theories, in-situ investigations, and experimental studies using the Buckland Park atmospheric radar in Australia Upper and middle tropospheric kinetic energy dissipation rates from measurements of C2n - review of theories, in-situ investigations, and experimental studies using the Buckland Park atmospheric radar in Australia

Sep 1997

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997jastp..59.1779h&link_type=abstract

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics, v. 59, p. 1779-1803.

Physics

25

Scientific paper

We investigate the determination of the kinetic energy dissipation rate ɛ in the middle and upper troposphere by measurements of the refractivity structure function constant C2n. To begin, we review the literature on in-situ measurements of ɛ, to give a base for comparison with our own data. We then study the current literature concerning conversions of C2n to ɛ, but find several available models. We intercompare these different theories. By using earlier boundary layer, tropospheric and stratospheric high resolution studies, we then determine the most appropriate theory for our purposes. We then turn to experimental studies. Measurements of C2n deduced by thermosondes are presented in order to show how the different models discussed above lead to quite different estimates of ɛ. In particular, we demonstrate that, if the Richardson number is not included in these determinations, some very mechanically active turbulent layers can be almost missed completely using temperature-sensitive techniques like thermosondes. However, if proper allowance is made for this effect, thermosondes can be a very good means of determination of atmospheric energy dissipation rates. Radar measurements of C2n for determinations of ɛ are then presented, using data from the Buckland Park VHF radar near Adelaide, Australia (35°S, 138.5°E). The system was first carefully calibrated. Then radar data were incorporated with radiosonde data in order to optimize the measurement accuracies, utilizing the procedures described by Vanzandt et al. (1978, 1981) and Gage et al. (1980). In addition, we have developed a diagnostic test using correlation techniques between the radiosonde data and the radar data which can be used to determine when application of these procedures is appropriate. Finally, we present a comparison between results determined by the radar and energy dissipation rate distributions determined over recent years by other techniques.

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