General cosmology: Overview and outstanding problems

Physics – Nuclear Physics

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Scientific paper

The Universe is well described by the standard ``Hot Big-Bang'' model. Indeed, the consensus of observational results supports a homogeneous and isotropic model of the Universe which is expanding as described by Hubble's law. The ratio of the relative velocity of two (moderately) distant objects to their distance is Hubble's constant, Ho = (30 - 120) km s-1 Mpc-1.
There is a background of blackbody radiation with a temperature, TCBR = 2.735+/-0.06 (0.017) K, isotropic to 3 parts in 105 on all angular scales except for a dipole component.
The age of the Universe is probably in the range (14 - 18) × 109 years.
The light-element abundances are consistent with 3 neutrino species and 0.007 h-2 <= ΩB <= 0.016 h-2. As ΩB (luminous matter) ~ 0.007, there is likely to be baryonic dark matter. Since ΩB (dynamical) ~ 0.2 - 0.3, there could be some non-baryonic dark matter.
We do not know qo, Λo and probably never will.
We might not yet have probed in detail a ``fair sample'' of the Universe.
The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is operated by Associated Universities, Inc., under cooperative agreement with the U.S. National Science Foundation.

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