Polytropic indices in collisionless plasmas - Theory and measurements

Physics – Plasma Physics

Scientific paper

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Collisionless Plasmas, Plasma Physics, Polytropic Processes, Distribution Functions, Plasma Waves

Scientific paper

In fluid theories, the complete set of fluid equations is generally reduced to only three equations per population, of which two (the first two moments of the Vlasov equation) are exact, and the third is a polytropic equation that is thought to sum up all the rest of the infinite set of moment equations. In this paper, it is shown that the closure equation can be deduced from a general kinetic calculation, and that its form is only polytropic when the variations belong to a single wave mode, with the value of the indices depending on the wave mode and on the population considered. The polytropic indices made it possible to obtain results identical to the well-known double adiabatic theory of Chew et al. (1956) when the variations are mostly 'temporal'.

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