Physics
Scientific paper
Jun 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002naap.conf...83v&link_type=abstract
NON-ACCELERATOR ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS. Proceedings of the Sixth School. Held 9-20 July 2001 in ICTP, Trieste, Italy. Edited by R
Physics
Scientific paper
Neutrinos have been and are abundantly produced in the Universe and neutrino astronomy provides very rich information either in astrophysics or in particle physics. The lectures given at the School focused on neutrinos as witnesses of the life of stars (solar neutrinos) and on neutrinos as messengers of the death of stars (supernovæ neutrinos). Since more than 30 years, solar neutrino experiments observe a significant deficit compared to the predictions of solar models. On one side, new experiments have been designed, many sophisticated checks have been performed. On the other side, solar models have been greatly improved and confronted to the severe constraints provided by helioseismology. The longstanding solar neutrino problem is now probably solved, after the beautiful SNO results in June 2001. For the first time, it seems that the observed deficit can be interpreted unambiguously as neutrino oscillation between νe produced in the core of the Sun and νμ. This important result is discussed and the expected experimental confirmations are presented. Supernovæ neutrinos (about 20 interactions) have been detected for the first time in February 1987. They were coming from SN1987A, the supernova issued from the death of a star in the Large Magellan Cloud. Since this, we are anxiously waiting for another supernova explosion either in our Galaxy or in a close galaxy. Detectors are ready, but models still suffer from problems and new data would provide us with helpful constraints.
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