Extremely high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos

Details Extremely high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos Extremely high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos

May 1999

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1999nuphs..77..498c&link_type=abstract

Nuclear Physics B Proceedings Supplements, Volume 77, Issue 1-3, p. 498-508.

Physics

Nuclear Physics

Scientific paper

The evidence for the existence of cosmic rays with energies in excess of 1020eV is now overwhelming. There is so far no indication of the GZK cutoff in the energy spectrum at 5x1019eV. This conclusion is not firm for lack of statistics. A cutoff would be expected if the sources of the cosmic rays were distributed uniformly throughout the cosmos. The sources of cosmic rays with energy above the GZK cutoff must be at a distance <=100Mpc, and if they are protons they are very likely to point to these sources. There are no easy explanations how known astrophysical objects can accelerate protons (or atomic nuclei) to these energies. This difficulty has led to speculation that there may be exotic sources such as topological defects which produce these energetic cosmic rays directly along with a copious supply of neutrinos of similar energy. The fluxes of these cosmic rays are very low and large instruments are required to observe them even with modest statistics. One such instrument, the Pierre Auger Observatory, is described in some detail. It is designed for all-sky coverage and the construction of its southern site will begin in Argentina in 1999. This instrument has the capability to detect neutrinos with energy >=1018eV and for some predictions neutrinos would actually be observed.

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