Physics
Scientific paper
Dec 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002nmgm.meet..239p&link_type=abstract
"THE NINTH MARCEL GROSSMANN MEETING On Recent Developments in Theoretical and Experimental General Relativity, Gravitation and R
Physics
Scientific paper
The discovery of the cosmic microwave background 36 years ago established the Hot Big Bang model, and demonstrated convincingly that early epochs in the history of the Universe were very different from the present. Studies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) have also turned cosmology into a real physical science: CMB measurements can be used to shed light on areas of fundamental physics (the half-life of the neutron; the number of neutrino families; the energy density of the vacuum) as well as to refine our understanding of the evolution of the Universe. I will review the transition to physical cosmology over the past 3-4 decades, with special emphasis on the physics underlying anisotropies in the angular distribution of the CMB. These promise to refine our understanding of fundamental physics as well as to provide quite precise values of key cosmological parameters. CMB observations already available, for instance, suggest that the Universe has a flat spatial geometry, in keeping with predictions of the inflationary variant of Hot Big Bang cosmology. Improved observations will help refine values for the rate of expansion of the Universe and set limits on the vacuum energy density, baryon density and early background of gravity waves, among other results.
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